Glossary

A

abstract semantic type: A semantic type that only serves as the parent of other semantic types. Abstract semantic types categorize their child semantic types, but are never associated with real data.
administrator: A person responsible for administrative tasks such as access authorization and content management. Administrators can also grant levels of authority to users.
alert: A message or other indication that signals an event or an impending event that meets a set of specified criteria.
alert definition: The statement of criteria that trigger an alert.
ALPR: See automatic license plate recognition.
ancestor: A member that exists at a higher level than another member in a hierarchy and is connected by a series of parent-child relationships.
ANPR: See automatic number plate recognition.
audit: To record information about database or instance activity by applications or individuals.
audit log: A log file containing a record of system events and responses.
audit trail: A chronological record of events or transactions. An audit trail is used for examining or reconstructing a sequence of events or transactions, managing security, and recovering lost transactions.
automatic license plate recognition (ALPR): A technology composed of separate devices that is used to detect, capture, and store visual information pertaining to a license plate.
automatic number plate recognition (ANPR): See automatic license plate recognition.

calculated measure: A measure whose values are calculated from other measures, calculated measures, functions, and numeric constants in an arithmetic equation.
case: The information that is contained within a database that pertains to a particular investigation.
chart: A visual representation of real-world objects, such as organizations, people, events, or locations, and the relationships between them.
charting scheme: A definition that describes how item data behaves when it is visualized on a chart. For example, how data is copied into chart item properties, the chart template and labeling scheme to use, and whether to display attributes and pictures.
child: In a generalization relationship, the specialization of another element, the parent.
condition: A specified property, a value, and an operator that defines a comparison relationship between them. One or more conditions can be used to create a query or a conditional formatting specification. See also parameterized query.

end: An entity that is attached to a link. See also end constraint.
end constraint: A constraint on the types of entities that can be the end of a particular link. See also end, valid end type.
entity: A set of details that are held about a real-world object such as a person, location, or bank account. An entity is a kind of item.
entity semantic type: A semantic type that can be assigned only to an entity or an entity type. See also semantic type.
entity type: A descriptor of the characteristics of an entity, including the properties it can contain and its appearance in visualizations.
excluded word list: A list of words that are ignored when they are entered as search terms.
expansion: A process that searches for entities within a data source that are directly related to some selected entities.

grade: A rating that indicates the accuracy of a piece of information or the reliability of an intelligence source.
grading system: A rating scale that is used to classify information in a data store or on a chart. A grading system is a measure of reliability and accuracy.

import design: A specification of how data from an external source will be transformed into chart or repository items during an import procedure.
item: An entity or a link. Items are characterized by the values of their properties. See also merged item.

labeling scheme: A specification for combining property values to be displayed on screen, or as chart item labels.
layout: The arrangement of items on a chart.
line strength: An indication of confidence in the information underlying a particular link. Line strength is represented as a solid, dashed, or dotted line on a chart.
link: An association between two entities, such as an ownership relationship between a person and a vehicle.
link direction: An indication that the meaning of a link is different for each of its ends. For example, the direction of a telephone call makes one end the caller and the other the recipient. Link direction can influence the centrality measures used in social network analysis.
link semantic type: A semantic type that can be assigned only to a link or a link type. See also semantic type.
link type: A descriptor of the characteristics of a link, including the properties it can contain and its appearance in visualizations.

mapping scheme: A set of rules that determines how information is displayed on a map.
match: The part of a result that met a condition during a search operation. A search can yield a perfect match or a partial match.
merged item: An item that is created by merging the information held in two or more items. See also item.

parameterized query: A query with conditions in which one or more parameters are defined. The parameter values are set by the user. See also condition.
parent: In a hierarchy or auto-level hierarchy, a member that has one or more child members at the level immediately below.
path: A route on a chart between two entities. A path may include intermediate entities.
pick list: A data category that has a limited number of permissible values, which are often presented in a drop-down list in the user interface.
pivot: A method of rearranging data in a data set to reveal patterns in the data.
property: A container for a single piece of information about an item.
property semantic type: A semantic type that can be assigned to a property type, a property in a data record, or an attribute class. See also semantic type.
property type: A descriptor of the characteristics of a property, including the type of information it can contain.

schema: A complete description of all the entity types, link types, and their associated property types that are available for items within a system.
semantic type: A category that defines the real-world meaning of data, and therefore how applications should interpret that data. For example, Person is a semantic type that could be assigned to entity types such as Male, Victim, and Witness. See also entity semantic type, link semantic type, property semantic type.
source reference: An identifier that indicates the source of information, for example, a document reference number.

valid end type: An entity type that conforms to the end constraints of a particular link. See also end constraint.